In daily life, magnets are a very common and commonly used thing. In our childhood, we almost played with magnets because they were so magical and fun. In ancient times, the working people of our country made Sinan (also called magnetic spoon, magnetic needle, compass, compass), one of the the Four Great Inventions, according to the characteristics of magnets. Until today, magnets are also a widely used material. From various special electronic devices to everyday teaching aids and toys, magnets can often be seen.
We know that the main component of a magnet is iron tetroxide (also known as magnetic iron oxide), which is a metal oxide with ferromagnetism. An ordinary small magnet is made of black iron trioxide. Ferrite magnets have become widely used non-metallic magnetic materials in the high-frequency weak current field. The Magnetic flux density is usually 800-1200 Gauss, which is often used for speakers, speakers and other devices. However, due to the inherent properties of ferric oxide, its attraction to iron objects is not too strong, and its magnetism will gradually weaken over time. So, how can we make a magnet with stronger suction and less susceptibility to decay? So neodymium iron boron magnets emerged.
Neodymium iron boron magnet is a collective term for powerful magnets, a type of artificial permanent magnet. It is the most powerful permanent magnet to date, and is currently the most cost-effective magnet in the magnetic field. It is known as the magnetic king. It is expected that in the coming decades, it is unlikely that there will be magnetic materials that can replace neodymium iron boron magnets. The main raw materials for producing neodymium iron boron magnets include rare earth metal neodymium, rare earth metal praseodymium, pure iron, aluminum, boron iron alloy, and other rare earth raw materials. In a bare magnetic state, the magnetic force can reach around 3500 Gauss. In 1982, Masato Sagawa, a technician of Sumitomo Special Metals, discovered Neodymium magnet. Masato Sagawa is short in stature and not surprising in appearance. He is usually silent. It can be said that if he doesn't make a statement, he has already made a statement.
This type of magnet with anti-corrosion treatment and shiny surface is a neodymium iron boron magnet, and its chemical formula is Nd2Fe14B. The most commonly used neodymium iron boron magnet is made by high-temperature sintering of three elements: neodymium, iron, and boron. If the core element of traditional ferric oxide is iron, then the reason why neodymium iron boron magnets have such strong magnetism is due to the role of neodymium.
Neodymium (n ǚ） It is the fourth element in the lanthanide family of rare earth elements, and like iron, cobalt, nickel, and previously mentioned gadolinium, it can also be attracted by magnets. In addition, neodymium is more active in Lanthanide, so it is easy to be oxidized like iron, which is the reason why neodymium iron boron magnets have coatings on their surfaces. If neodymium is used to enhance magnetism, then the role of boron cannot be underestimated.
In the periodic table of elements, boron is located to the left of carbon, so boron chemistry similar to organic chemistry centered around carbon has also emerged recently. In neodymium iron boron magnets, boron acts as a mediator between neodymium and iron. Boron has greatly expanded the maximum magnetism that can be generated by the material under the condition of ensuring the stability of its molecular structure, making the magnetic performance of the whole magnet extremely high, and even allowing it to absorb objects 640 times its own weight!
The Strong Magnet Project, also known as the National 863 Project, is a high-end rare earth material. In terms of medical treatment, neodymium iron boron has been widely used in physical magnetic therapy, commonly used for physical therapy of various diseases. Traditional magnetic therapy, due to the use of ordinary magnets and the lack of prominent magnetic field effects, has not been given enough attention in the medical community. Since the extensive development of Nd-Fe-B magnetic ore in the National 863 Program, Nd-Fe-B has been widely used in the medical field due to its excellent magnetic properties and the biological magnetic field that simulates the characteristics of human magnetic field.
Compared to traditional magnetic therapy, the effect is more prominent and the performance is more stable. When applied to the human body, it can correct the magnetic field of the human body itself and promote the movement of meridians by enhancing the biological electromagnetic energy of the human meridians, thereby achieving the goal of unblocking the meridians, increasing the supply of blood and oxygen to the brain, reducing the excitability of peripheral nerves in the cerebral cortex, and increasing the supply of blood and oxygen to organs and local areas such as the lungs, spleen, liver, and anus, Promote local blood circulation and venous blood reflux, reduce capillary permeability, promote the dissipation of inflammation, and produce effects that promote bone and joint tissue metabolism, hypnosis, anti-inflammatory analgesia, sedation, blood circulation activation, and anxiety elimination.
As we all know, the highest performance magnets are rare earth magnets, and neodymium iron boron is the most powerful magnet among Rare-earth magnet. But before the neodymium iron boron magnet was born, it was the Samarium–cobalt magnet successfully developed by Strnat of Dayton University in the United States in 1967, which was a landmark event for the arrival of the era of Rare-earth magnet. Compared with neodymium iron boron magnets, Samarium–cobalt magnet are more suitable for working in high temperature environments. In environments above 200 degrees Celsius, samarium cobalt is the most powerful magnet, but its development is limited due to its expensive materials.